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Inhalers and nebulizers for treatment of diseases caused by bacteria
Kánská, Jana ; Bělka, Miloslav (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
One of today's problems that threaten the future of humanity is the ever-increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. It is therefore necessary to look for new treatments against bacterial diseases. A possible alternative to antibiotics is treatment with bacteriophages. This work aims to help to increase the effectiveness of bacteriophage treatment. The first part of the thesis contains a survey of inhalation devices and focuses in particular on the devices most suitable for phage therapy, i.e. treatment with bacteriophages. Furthermore, there is a brief overview of phage therapy and the studies already conducted on this topic. In the experimental section, three experiments are described. In the first two experiments, the model drugs were liposomes. First, their size distributions were measured after nebulization using two types of nebulizers (jet and mesh). Next, the deposition of liposomes after nebulization was monitored in a simplified lung model. In the third experiment, phage lysates were nebulized using three different nebulizers (two jet and one mesh). The nebulized lysates were captured in a sterile tube so that the stability of the phages after nebulization could be subsequently evaluated. The experimental part showed that during liposome nebulization, the jet nebulizer produced more FPF than the mesh nebulizer. It was further found that during nebulization with the jet nebulizer, almost the same amount of aerosol entered the lungs as remained in the mouthpiece, with a large amount also remaining in the nebulizer itself. A third experiment showed that neither nebulizer substantially degraded the phage lysate.
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Nanotransporters for theranostics
Dostálová, Simona ; Adam,, Vojtěch (referee) ; Kizek, René (advisor)
Master thesis deals with the use of bacteriophage as a theranostic drug nanocarrier. The term theranostics is used in recent years for systems that allow connecting of diagnostics, targeted drug delivery and monitoring of patient’s response to administered treatment in a single modality. These systems are very suitable especially with heterogeneous diseases, such as cancer. Nowadays, the treatment of cancer has often severe side effects to the patient’s body, which lowers his capability to fight the disease. Theoretical part of this work is focused on the properties of viral capsids, proteins and inorganic materials as drug nanocarriers. In practical part of this work, different methods for cultivation of bacteriophage are compared, both in liquid and solid medium and with different concentrations of the maltose, trough whose receptors bacteriophage is able to enter the host cell. Optimal was cultivation with 0.2% maltose in solid medium. Practical part is focused mainly on the use of bacteriophage as a nanocarrier for cytotoxic drug doxorubicin. Bacteriophage was able to encapsulate all applied concentrations of doxorubicin (0; 12.5; 25; 50; 100 and 200 g/ml), which was proved using fluorescent detection. Different times of encapsulation (2; 4; 8 and 12 hours) were studied. Optimal time was 2 hours. Encapsulation properties of bacteriophage were compared to apoferritin. Bacteriophage was able to encapsulate 4× higher concentrations of doxorubicin and its release during rinsing with water was 10× lower compared to apoferritin. This work concludes that bacteriophage is a very suitable platform for targeted drug delivery in theranostics.
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Krystalizačně-strukturní studie bakteriofágového lysinu ECD7
REINDLOVÁ, Žaneta
This bachelor thesis is focused on the crystallization of newly acquired bacteriophage lysine ECD7. Bacteriophage lysine ECD7 could be one of a new alternative class of antibacterial agents possibly used against infectious diseases. The main goal of this work was to manage the basic crystallization methods, then apply them for crystallization of ECD7 lysine and produce a suitable crystals for X-ray diffraction analysis. Data from X-ray diffraction analysis will help clarify the structure and function of ECD7 lysine.
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Inhalers and nebulizers for treatment of diseases caused by bacteria
Kánská, Jana ; Bělka, Miloslav (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
One of today's problems that threaten the future of humanity is the ever-increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. It is therefore necessary to look for new treatments against bacterial diseases. A possible alternative to antibiotics is treatment with bacteriophages. This work aims to help to increase the effectiveness of bacteriophage treatment. The first part of the thesis contains a survey of inhalation devices and focuses in particular on the devices most suitable for phage therapy, i.e. treatment with bacteriophages. Furthermore, there is a brief overview of phage therapy and the studies already conducted on this topic. In the experimental section, three experiments are described. In the first two experiments, the model drugs were liposomes. First, their size distributions were measured after nebulization using two types of nebulizers (jet and mesh). Next, the deposition of liposomes after nebulization was monitored in a simplified lung model. In the third experiment, phage lysates were nebulized using three different nebulizers (two jet and one mesh). The nebulized lysates were captured in a sterile tube so that the stability of the phages after nebulization could be subsequently evaluated. The experimental part showed that during liposome nebulization, the jet nebulizer produced more FPF than the mesh nebulizer. It was further found that during nebulization with the jet nebulizer, almost the same amount of aerosol entered the lungs as remained in the mouthpiece, with a large amount also remaining in the nebulizer itself. A third experiment showed that neither nebulizer substantially degraded the phage lysate.
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|
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Nanotransporters for theranostics
Dostálová, Simona ; Adam,, Vojtěch (referee) ; Kizek, René (advisor)
Master thesis deals with the use of bacteriophage as a theranostic drug nanocarrier. The term theranostics is used in recent years for systems that allow connecting of diagnostics, targeted drug delivery and monitoring of patient’s response to administered treatment in a single modality. These systems are very suitable especially with heterogeneous diseases, such as cancer. Nowadays, the treatment of cancer has often severe side effects to the patient’s body, which lowers his capability to fight the disease. Theoretical part of this work is focused on the properties of viral capsids, proteins and inorganic materials as drug nanocarriers. In practical part of this work, different methods for cultivation of bacteriophage are compared, both in liquid and solid medium and with different concentrations of the maltose, trough whose receptors bacteriophage is able to enter the host cell. Optimal was cultivation with 0.2% maltose in solid medium. Practical part is focused mainly on the use of bacteriophage as a nanocarrier for cytotoxic drug doxorubicin. Bacteriophage was able to encapsulate all applied concentrations of doxorubicin (0; 12.5; 25; 50; 100 and 200 g/ml), which was proved using fluorescent detection. Different times of encapsulation (2; 4; 8 and 12 hours) were studied. Optimal time was 2 hours. Encapsulation properties of bacteriophage were compared to apoferritin. Bacteriophage was able to encapsulate 4× higher concentrations of doxorubicin and its release during rinsing with water was 10× lower compared to apoferritin. This work concludes that bacteriophage is a very suitable platform for targeted drug delivery in theranostics.
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